2021 Tesla Model 3 Long Range

NaN

Wh/mi

NaN

Miles

Battery Capacity: 82 kWh

Weight: 4,265 lbs (+200 lbs)

C_d: 0.23 | A: 2.21 m² | C_rr:

Metric Units

Speed	Range	Efficiency	Aerodynamic Drag	Rolling Resistance	Total Power
50 mph	NaN mi	NaN Wh/mi	3.41 kW	NaN kW	NaN kW
55 mph	NaN mi	NaN Wh/mi	4.53 kW	NaN kW	NaN kW
60 mph	NaN mi	NaN Wh/mi	5.89 kW	NaN kW	NaN kW
65 mph	NaN mi	NaN Wh/mi	7.48 kW	NaN kW	NaN kW

Vehicle Parameters

Battery Charge: 80%80Speed: 65 mph65Extra Weight: 200 lbs200Auxiliary Power: 0.5 kW (Est: 0.5 - 1 kW)0.5

Headwind: 0 mph0Ambient Temperature: 70 °F70Elevation: 0 feet0
Air Pressure: 101,325 Pa
Air Density: 1.2 kg / m^3

This simulation uses Newton's Laws of Physics to calculate all forces acting on the vehicle.

Negative Forces: Air Resistance and Rolling Resistance

Positive Forces: Wheel Force provided by motor(s)

F_d = {1\over2}ρ{v}^2C_dA

The force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid (air).

Unlike other resistive forces, air resistance depends on velocity.

Air Density ( $ρ$ )

Mass per unit volume of Earth's atmosphere with units $kg/m^3$

Velocity ( $v$ )

How fast the vehicle is moving (speed) with units $m/s$

Coefficient of Drag ( $C_d$ )

Dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment

Frontal Area ( $A$ )

Reference Area or cross-sectional area of vehicle perpendicular to velocity vector with units $m^2$

F_{rr} = C_{rr}N

The force resisting the motion when a tire rolls on a surface.

It depends on many factors including tire compound, width, inflation pressure, and more.

Coefficient of Rolling Resistance ( $C_{rr}$ )

Force needed to push a wheeled vehicle forward (at constant speed on a level surface with zero grade and air resistance) per unit force of weight

Normal Force ( $N$ )

Weight of the object: $F_n=mg$ where $m$ is mass and $g$ is the gravitational field strength (about $9.806 m/s^2$ on Earth)